Methyldopa

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Methyldopa works by stimulating alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the brain, resulting in reduced peripheral vascular resistance and lowered blood pressure. Its ability to decrease blood pressure without significantly increasing heart rate makes it a preferred choice for patients requiring careful cardiovascular management.

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Description

Methyldopa, a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, is primarily used to manage high blood pressure (hypertension). It is particularly noted for its use in treating hypertension in pregnant women, as it is considered safe during pregnancy. By controlling blood pressure, it helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications such as strokes and heart attacks.

Additional information

Usage	Indications: ● Management of hypertension, especially suitable for use in pregnancy. Patients Should: ● Follow the prescribed dosage carefully to manage blood pressure effectively. ● Inform their healthcare provider about any current medications and pre-existing conditions such as liver disease or a history of depression. ● Consult their healthcare provider if they are pregnant, planning a pregnancy, or breastfeeding. ● Report any significant side effects, particularly liver dysfunction, to their healthcare provider. Administration Forms: ● Oral tablets and extended-release tablets, which should be taken with water, with or without food, as directed by the healthcare provider. ● Precautions ● Not recommended for patients with active liver disease or previous methyldopa-induced liver disorders. ● It may cause drowsiness or dizziness; patients should be cautious when engaging in activities requiring mental alertness. ● During therapy, monitoring liver function, blood pressure, and blood counts is advised. Drug Interactions ● Methyldopa may interact with MAO inhibitors, iron supplements (reduces absorption), and other antihypertensive medications. Co-administration with other central nervous system depressants may enhance effects. ● Discussing all concurrent medications and supplements with the healthcare provider is essential.
Side Effects	● Drowsiness ● Dizziness ● Headache ● Dry mouth Severe side effects requiring immediate attention: ● Hepatic disorders (dark urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes) ● Blood disorders (fever, sore throat, unusual bleeding or bruising) ● Mood changes (depression, confusion)
Storage	● Tablets should be stored at room temperature, and protected from moisture and heat.
Special Precautions	● Before beginning treatment, a detailed medical history, including any history of liver disease, depression, or blood disorders, should be reviewed with the healthcare provider. ● Patients should be aware of potential dizziness or drowsiness and should not drive or operate heavy machinery until they know how methyldopa affects them.
Overdose	● Symptoms of overdose might include excessive drowsiness, lethargy, fainting, and bradycardia. Immediate medical intervention is essential in the event of an overdose.