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Zovirax, with the active ingredient acyclovir, belongs to a class of medications known as antivirals. It is specifically designed to treat viral infections, particularly those caused by the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus (which causes chickenpox and shingles), and, in some cases, Epstein-Barr virus. Zovirax works by disrupting the virus’s ability to replicate, which helps to minimize the symptoms of the infection and accelerate the healing process.
Zovirax, with the active ingredient acyclovir, belongs to a class of medications known as antivirals. It is specifically designed to treat viral infections, particularly those caused by the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus (which causes chickenpox and shingles), and, in some cases, Epstein-Barr virus. Zovirax works by disrupting the virus’s ability to replicate, which helps to minimize the symptoms of the infection and accelerate the healing process.
| Usage | Indications: ● Treatment of Infections: Zovirax treats infections caused by herpes viruses, including genital herpes, cold sores, shingles, and chickenpox. ● Prevention: It may also be prescribed to prevent recurrent outbreaks of herpes infections, especially in individuals with frequent recurrences. Administration Guidelines Dosage: ● The dosage of Zovirax can vary significantly depending on the condition being treated, the patient's age and weight, and their renal function. It ranges from 200 mg to 800 mg, taken orally 2 to 5 times a day for up to 10 days or longer, based on the physician's prescription. ● Lower doses are commonly prescribed to prevent recurrences and in cases of long-term suppressive therapy. Method of Administration: ● Oral: Zovirax is available in tablets, capsules, and liquid suspension forms. ● Topical: For cold sores and genital herpes, acyclovir is also available in cream and ointment formulations. ● Intravenous: Injectable versions of acyclovir are used for severe viral infections, typically in a hospital setting. Dosage Form: ● Tablets and Capsules: Commonly available in 200 mg, 400 mg, and 800 mg. ● Liquid Suspension: Beneficial for patients who have difficulty swallowing pills. ● Topical Cream/Ointment: Applied directly to the affected area to treat cold sores and genital herpes. ● Intravenous Injection: For severe or life-threatening infections. Safety Preclusions Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: ● Zovirax should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. It has been classified as Category B by the FDA for use during pregnancy. ● Acyclovir is known to pass into breast milk, but is considered safe for use while breastfeeding, based on existing data. Drug Interactions: ● Acyclovir can interact with several drugs, including medications for HIV/AIDS (e.g., zidovudine) and potentially nephrotoxic agents. It’s important to inform healthcare providers about all medications being taken to avoid undesirable interactions. |
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| Side Effects | ● Nausea Serious Side Effects: ● Kidney problems, particularly in patients receiving high doses or with pre-existing kidney disease ● Neurological effects, including confusion, hallucinations, and seizures, particularly in the elderly or those with renal dysfunction |
| Storage | ● Zovirax should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. ● Keep the medication in its original container and keep it tightly closed. ● For liquid suspension, follow the storage instructions on the label, which may require refrigeration after opening. |
| Special Precautions | ● Stay hydrated during treatment, especially for elderly patients or those taking high doses, to prevent kidney issues. ● Avoid sexual contact while symptoms of genital herpes are present, even when taking medication, to prevent spreading the virus. ● Patients on long-term therapy might need regular monitoring to assess the drug's efficacy and monitor for adverse effects. |
| Overdose | ● Symptoms of overdose may include agitation, seizure, lethargy, and kidney failure. In case of overdose, seek immediate medical attention. |
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