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Scopolamine acts by inhibiting the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which are involved in transmitting parasympathetic nerve impulses. By blocking these impulses, Scopolamine reduces the secretions and motility of the gastrointestinal system and has central nervous system effects that help prevent the emetic response (nausea and vomiting).
Scopolamine Hydrobromide, often referred to simply as Scopolamine, is an anticholinergic drug primarily used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness or from anesthesia given during surgery. It is also occasionally used to treat certain types of intestinal cramping. It works by blocking the activity of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that can induce vomiting and influence the body’s motor functions.
| Usage | Indications: ● Prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting related to motion sickness. Administration Guidelines: ● Scopolamine is available in transdermal patches applied to the skin behind the ear for extended release over several days, typically formulated as 1.5 mg for motion sickness. ● Patches should be applied several hours before the desired antiemetic effect can last up to 3 days. ● If used for surgery, it is generally applied the evening before the procedure. Dosage Forms: ● Transdermal patches are the most common form, but Scopolamine can also be administered via injection or as an oral tablet in different dosages. Safety Preclusions Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: ● Scopolamine should be used during pregnancy only if needed and after assessing the risks and benefits. It is not known if Scopolamine is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised. Long-term Use: ● Long-term use of Scopolamine is generally not recommended because of its potential side effects and the typically episodic requirement for its antiemetic effects. Drug Interactions: ● Scopolamine may have additive effects when used with other anticholinergic drugs, sedatives, or alcohol. Caution is advised when combining medications with similar effects or with medications that are metabolized by similar pathways |
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| Side Effects | ● Common side effects may include dry mouth, blurred vision, and drowsiness. ● Users may experience dizziness and confusion, especially with higher doses, or increased susceptibility in the elderly. Serious Side Effects: ● Possible side effects include hallucinations, difficulty urinating, or fast/irregular heartbeat. |
| Storage | ● Store the medication at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. ● Transdermal patches should be kept in sealed packages until ready to use and disposed of safely. |
| Special Precautions | Patients should be advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery until they know how Scopolamine affects them. This is due to potential drowsiness and vision impairment. The patches should be applied correctly, and hands should be washed thoroughly after handling. |
| Overdose | Symptoms of a Scopolamine overdose can include severe drowsiness, confusion, fever, hallucinations, muscle weakness, poor coordination, fast or uneven heart rate, fainting, or seizure. Overdose can be particularly dangerous due to its effects on the central nervous system and heart. Immediate medical attention is vital if an overdose is suspected. |
| MG | 0.4mg, 0.6mg |
| 10 x 1ml injection | 10 x 1ml injection |
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