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As an anticoagulant, Warfarin inhibits the vitamin K-dependent synthesis of biologically active forms of the clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, as well as regulatory factors protein C, protein S, and protein Z. The suppression of these factors significantly reduces the blood’s clotting capability, thereby preventing the formation of harmful blood clots.
Warfarin, commonly known as Coumadin, is a medication used to prevent and treat blood clots. It decreases blood clotting by blocking the formation of blood clotting factors, which require vitamin K for synthesis. It effectively prevents thrombosis in conditions such as atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). It’s also used to prevent stroke and after-surgical procedures that increase the risk of clotting.
| Usage | Indications: ● Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism: To prevent blood clot formation in veins and lungs. ● Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): Reduces the risk of stroke in patients with non-valvular AFib. ● Prosthetic Heart Valves: Prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with prosthetic heart valves. ● Prevention of Stroke: In patients who have already suffered transient ischemic attacks or a minor stroke. Administration Guidelines Dosage: ● Warfarin's dosing is highly individualized based on the patient’s International Normalized Ratio (INR) values, a measure of how long it takes to clot compared to a normal sample. The goal INR range varies depending on the indication for therapy, but typically it's between 2.0 and 3.0 for most indications. Method of Administration: ● Oral: Warfarin is administered orally in tablet form. It should be taken simultaneously every day to maintain stable blood levels. Dosage Form: ● Oral tablets (ranging from 1 mg to 10 mg) Safety Preclusions Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: ● Warfarin is contraindicated during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester and the last few weeks before delivery, due to the risk of bleeding complications and fetal malformations. Warfarin can be used during breastfeeding with caution. Drug Interactions: ● Warfarin interacts with many medications, foods, and illnesses. Any changes in diet, medications, or physical health can affect warfarin's efficacy and safety. It is critical to inform healthcare providers of all medications and supplements being taken. |
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| Side Effects | ● Common side effects include bleeding gums, bruising, and nosebleeds. Serious Side Effects: ● Severe bleeding (gastrointestinal bleeds, hemorrhagic stroke) |
| Storage | ● Store Warfarin at room temperature in a tightly sealed container away from light and moisture. |
| Special Precautions | ● Patients must have regular blood tests (INR tests) to ensure they take the correct dose. These tests, diet, and other factors often require adjustments. Patients should wear a medical alert tag and inform all healthcare providers of warfarin therapy. |
| Overdose | ● Warfarin overdose can lead to life-threatening bleeding. Vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of Warfarin in the event of an overdose. Immediate medical attention is necessary if an overdose is suspected. |
| MG | 1 MG, 2MG, 2.5MG, 3 MG, 4 MG, 5 MG, 6 MG, 7.5 MG, 10 MG |
| Tablets | 100 Tablets |
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